Radiation. It's a word that often conjures images of sci-fi disasters, but understanding it is crucial in our modern world. Let's break down three key vocabulary words that will empower you to navigate the world of radiation with confidence:
1. **Isotopes:** These are variations of a chemical element. They have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Some isotopes are stable, while others are radioactive, meaning they decay and release energy.
2. **Half-life:** This refers to the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay. Half-life varies dramatically between isotopes, ranging from fractions of a second to billions of years. Understanding half-life is crucial for assessing the long-term impact of radioactive materials.
3. **Ionizing Radiation:** This type of radiation carries enough energy to remove electrons from atoms, creating ions. Examples include X-rays, gamma rays, and alpha particles. Because of its ability to alter atoms, ionizing radiation can be harmful to living tissues at high doses, but also has important uses in medicine and industry.
Knowing these terms unlocks a better understanding of radiation and its impact on our world.
